Biscayne National Park Travel Guide

Biscayne National Park sits at the southern tip of Florida, just south of Miami, and protects one of the largest coral reef ecosystems in the United States. The park encompasses roughly 172,000 acres, the vast majority of which is open water — making it one of the most aquatically oriented parks in the entire National Park System.

Four distinct ecosystems exist within the park's boundaries: the shallow Biscayne Bay estuary, mangrove forests along the mainland shoreline, the undeveloped barrier islands of the northern Florida Keys chain, and the living coral reefs offshore. Each zone supports distinct wildlife communities and offers different visitor experiences.

Despite its proximity to one of America's largest metro areas, Biscayne feels genuinely remote. There are no hotels, restaurants, or shops inside the park. The only developed visitor facility is the Dante Fascell Visitor Center at Convoy Point on the mainland, which serves as the practical gateway for nearly all park activities. Visitors who want to reach the islands or the reef must arrive by boat — either their own or via a park-authorized concessioner.

Park Entry

Biscayne National Park charges an entrance fee; verify the current fee and any annual pass options at the official NPS site (nps.gov/bisc) before your visit, as fees are updated periodically. America the Beautiful annual passes are accepted and may represent good value for frequent NPS visitors.

What to Pack

• Reef-safe, mineral-based sunscreen (chemical sunscreens are harmful to coral and discouraged)
• Insect repellent — mosquitoes and no-see-ums can be intense near the mangroves, especially in summer
• Water and snacks; nothing is available for purchase inside the park
• Polarized sunglasses for boat and snorkeling use
• Waterproof bags for electronics and valuables

Health and Conditions

Summer months (June–October) bring high heat, humidity, afternoon thunderstorms, and the peak of Atlantic hurricane season. Sea conditions can shift quickly. Monitor NOAA marine forecasts if you are boating, and check the NPS site for any closures related to weather or resource protection. Jellyfish and stinging hydroids are occasionally present in the water; verify conditions locally.

By Air

Miami International Airport (MIA) is the primary arrival point for most international and domestic travelers. Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport (FLL) is a reasonable alternative, particularly for budget carriers. Both airports are served by major US and international airlines.

By Car

The Dante Fascell Visitor Center at Convoy Point is the land-based entrance to the park. It is located near Homestead, Florida, roughly 9 miles east of the city center. From Miami, take the Florida Turnpike (SR 821) south toward Homestead, then follow signs toward the park. GPS coordinates and precise directions are available on the NPS website. There is a free parking area at Convoy Point.

Getting to the Islands and Reef

Elliot Key and Adams Key (the main barrier islands) and the offshore reef are only accessible by boat. The park's authorized concessioner, Biscayne National Park Institute, offers boat tours, snorkel trips, and glass-bottom boat excursions departing from Convoy Point — confirm current schedules and availability directly with them before your visit. Private boaters can access the park through marked channels; check NPS navigational charts and no-motor zones.

Movement within the park is almost entirely water-based. On the mainland, the only area accessible by car is the Convoy Point area near the visitor center. Canoe and kayak rentals have historically been available through the park concessioner; verify current availability on the official site.

Boaters should carry current NOAA nautical charts for the area (chart 11451 covers Biscayne Bay). Water depths vary considerably and sandbars are common — running aground is a real risk without up-to-date charts. Observe all posted no-wake and idle-speed zones, which protect seagrass and manatees.

If you bring a private vessel, note that mooring buoys exist at some island locations to protect the reef from anchor damage. Anchoring on or near coral is prohibited. Verify buoy availability and any reservation requirements with the park before departure.

Snorkeling and Scuba Diving

The offshore coral reefs are the park's signature attraction. Elkhorn and staghorn corals, sea fans, parrotfish, queen angelfish, loggerhead sea turtles, and nurse sharks are among the species regularly encountered. Several named reef systems — including Ajax Reef and Long Reef — are within the park. A valid dive certification is required for scuba; no experience is needed for guided snorkel tours.

Glass-Bottom Boat Tours

For visitors who prefer to stay dry, the concessioner-operated glass-bottom boat offers views of the reef ecosystem. This is a good option for families with young children or anyone with mobility limitations. Verify current tour schedules and booking procedures directly with the concessioner.

Paddling

Kayaking and canoeing through the mangrove shoreline and across the bay offer a quieter, close-up experience of the estuary ecosystem. A marked canoe trail exists; pick up a map at the visitor center. Paddling conditions depend heavily on wind and tidal currents — plan around tide tables.

Camping

Primitive campsites are available on Elliot Key and Boca Chita Key. Sites have limited facilities; freshwater is available on Elliot Key but not always on Boca Chita — confirm current conditions before your trip. All camping requires a permit obtained through recreation.gov.

Boca Chita Key Lighthouse

The ornamental lighthouse on Boca Chita Key is one of the park's most photographed landmarks. The key has a small harbor and a short walking path. Access is by boat only.

Wildlife Watching

The park is habitat for American crocodiles (distinct from alligators and relatively rare), West Indian manatees, bottlenose dolphins, roseate spoonbills, ospreys, and numerous migratory shorebirds. Manatees are most commonly seen in cooler months when they congregate in warmer water.

Visitor Center

The Dante Fascell Visitor Center at Convoy Point is the park's main hub. It houses exhibits on the park's ecosystems, ranger programs, restrooms, and drinking water. Hours vary seasonally; confirm current hours at nps.gov/bisc before visiting.

No Services Inside the Park

There are no restaurants, grocery stores, fuel docks, or retail shops within park boundaries. Stock up on food, water, fuel, and supplies in Homestead before entering. The nearest full-service town is Homestead, which has supermarkets, gas stations, and medical facilities.

Emergency and Medical

For any emergency within the park, call 911. Cell coverage can be limited or absent on the water and at remote island locations. Carry a VHF marine radio if you are boating — Channel 16 is the international distress and hailing frequency monitored by the US Coast Guard.

Leave No Trace

The park's ecosystems are fragile. Pack out all trash, do not touch or collect coral, shells, or wildlife, and stay on designated trails on the islands. Fishing is permitted in some areas with appropriate Florida state licenses; verify current regulations at the park.

Marine Safety

Boaters should file a float plan with a trusted contact before heading out. Afternoon thunderstorms develop rapidly in summer and can produce dangerous lightning and waterspouts. If dark clouds build, return to shore or seek shelter before conditions deteriorate. Life jackets (USCG-approved) are required to be on board for each person.

Wildlife Awareness

Do not feed or approach wildlife. American crocodiles, while shy, are present in the mangroves and should be given wide berth. Jellyfish stings are usually mild but can be more serious for sensitive individuals — rinse with seawater (not freshwater) and seek medical attention if reactions are severe. Touching coral causes irreversible damage to the organism and is prohibited.

Sun and Heat

The subtropical sun at water level is intense year-round. Sunburn can occur within 30 minutes even on overcast days on the water. Wear UV-protective clothing, reapply sunscreen frequently, and stay hydrated. Heat exhaustion is a genuine risk in summer months, particularly for visitors unaccustomed to high humidity.